000002241 001__ 2241
000002241 005__ 20141118153437.0
000002241 04107 $$acze
000002241 046__ $$k2013-09-11
000002241 100__ $$aCorrochano, Cristina Mayo
000002241 24500 $$aFirst steps of Natural Cement in Spain

000002241 24630 $$n3.$$pProceedings of the 3rd Historic Mortars Conference HMC13
000002241 260__ $$bGlasgow : University of the West of Scotland, 2013
000002241 506__ $$arestricted
000002241 520__ $$2eng$$aNatural cement was patented in 1796 but it didn’t arrive in Spain until 1835. No one knows exactly where the production started in Spain, because it emerged independently at the same time in many places. Most of these outbreaks are concentrated in the north and northwest of Spain: Basque Country (Zumaya and Rezola) and Catalonia (San Celoní and San Juan de las Abadesas).Natural cement was extensively used to decorate historical buildings during the nineteenth and beginning of twentieth century in Madrid. It was the building material which realised the architects and builders dreams of mass-produced cast elements in a wide variety of styles. Its arrival replaced traditional materials that were used previously (lime, gypsum and hydraulic limes). However, its use was not extended in time, and soon it was replaced by the use of artificial Portland cements. During 20th century this building material disappeared from use. What remains is it’s memory, in thousands and thousands of “stone witnesses” in our cities. Final properties of the cement largely depend on raw materials used and its combustion temperature. However, it was characterised by an easily implementation on facade masonry, fast-setting (about 15 minutes), good resistance , an agreeable structural consistency and colour.This article aims to show first steps, evolution and decay of Natural Cement Industry in Spain and its application in Madrid.

000002241 540__ $$aText je chráněný podle autorského zákona č. 121/2000 Sb.
000002241 653__ $$aNatural cement, old mortars, Natural Cement Industry in Spain.

000002241 7112_ $$a3rd Historic Mortars Conference$$cGlasgow, Scotland (UK)$$d2013-09-11 / 2013-09-14$$gHMC13
000002241 720__ $$aCorrochano, Cristina Mayo$$iSanz-Arauz, David$$iMerino, Félix Lasheras
000002241 8560_ $$ffischerc@itam.cas.cz
000002241 8564_ $$s471066$$uhttp://invenio.itam.cas.cz/record/2241/files/Corrochano - First steps of Natural Cement in Spain.pdf$$y
             Original version of the author's contribution as presented on CD, .
            
000002241 962__ $$r2223
000002241 980__ $$aPAPER