Wind-induced structural forces on L-shaped low-rise buildings with hip roofs

Abstract eng:
A wind tunnel experimental study for 4:12-sloped gable- and hip-roofed low-rise buildings was performed in a simulated open terrain exposure to examine wind-induced structural loads on main wind force resisting systems (MWFRS). A 3-D finite element model for hip-end building component was developed to obtain the moment influence coefficients of such portal steel frame systems. Results show that for area-averaged bay forces, the vertical uplift is affected by roof shape more considerably compared with the horizontal thrust. Although bending moment in plane forms the primary moment components for most hip-roofed cases, out-of-plane torsion, particularly for end columns and hip rafters cannot be neglected. Additionally, compared with gable-roofed cases, more critical bending moments, particularly on end frame members are observed.

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