000002346 001__ 2346
000002346 005__ 20141118153435.0
000002346 04107 $$acze
000002346 046__ $$k2013-09-11
000002346 100__ $$aLugli, S.
000002346 24500 $$aPetrography of mortars and plasters as a tool to distinguish construction phases for the historical buildings of the Modena area (Northern Italy)

000002346 24630 $$n3.$$pProceedings of the 3rd Historic Mortars Conference HMC13
000002346 260__ $$bGlasgow : University of the West of Scotland, 2013
000002346 506__ $$arestricted
000002346 520__ $$2eng$$aThe Modena area (Northern Italy) is characterised by many significant historical buildings that have been recently restored. The restoration works were important occasions for an extensive study of historical mortars and plasters ranging in age from the 10 th to the 18th century: the Modena Cathedral, the Ghirlandina bell tower (UNESCO site); the Duke’s Palace in Sassuolo; the Formigine and Vignola castles; the Santa Maria in Castello church and the castle in Carpi. Mortars and plasters samples were examined using optical polarising microscopy and SEM/EDS. Detailed petrographic analyses by quantitative tools, such as image analysis and point counting, were used to calculate the binder/aggregate ratio, the porosity and the binder related particles. The characterization of mortars and plasters revealed that lime was obtained mostly from impure fluvial limestone cobbles and pebbles and not from limestone quarries, as demonstrated by the juxtaposition of underburned particles of different age and texture. The result is a wide variety of mortars with variable hydraulic ratios. The aggregate petrographic composition allowed us to identify the source of sand, as we elaborated a detailed database of the sand composition from the rivers flowing in the area. In most cases different construction phases are revealed by the use of sands coming from different rivers. The data provided indication on the preparation techniques and their evolution in time, giving the possibility to attempt the indirect dating of the construction phases in some cases. The study provided also basic information for the preparation of restoration mortars and plasters.

000002346 540__ $$aText je chráněný podle autorského zákona č. 121/2000 Sb.
000002346 653__ $$aancient mortars, raw materials, provenance, lime binder, archaeometry.

000002346 7112_ $$a3rd Historic Mortars Conference$$cGlasgow, Scotland (UK)$$d2013-09-11 / 2013-09-14$$gHMC13
000002346 720__ $$aLugli, S.$$iCaroselli, M.$$iDori, S. Marchetti
000002346 8560_ $$ffischerc@itam.cas.cz
000002346 8564_ $$s1225242$$uhttp://invenio.itam.cas.cz/record/2346/files/Lugli - Petrography of mortars and plasters as a tool to distinguish construction phases for the historical buildings of the Modena area (Northern Italy).pdf$$y
             Original version of the author's contribution as presented on CD, .
            
000002346 962__ $$r2223
000002346 980__ $$aPAPER