Treating Adobe Stones and Mortar Restoration of Calaca Church, Philippines

Abstract eng:
The restoration of the Calaca Church in Batangas province, Philippines, is an ideal example of a successful result of collaborative work among architects, engineers, a stone specialist, and other allied professionals. The major conservation problem identified was the deterioration of adobe stones (volcanic tuff) which was used as the primary building material. Thick vegetation growing on the bell tower, detaching plaster, and structural cracks on the façade as well as dampness on one side of the bell tower had to be addressed. Some stones needed to be replaced with similar adobe. Prior to conservation and restoration treatment, tests and analyses were performed. Plants were identified by a botanist. Samples of the original adobe were studied for compatibility with the materials used: plaster, mortar and replacement stones. Procedures on how to remove plants, clean stones and slake lime for masonry work are discussed herein. Practical solutions for dampness problems by reviving perimeter wall canals, repairing roof and downspouts, waterproofing, and by introducing vent holes on the walls are explained, with photos provided for. Techniques developed by the writer, on how to approach repair of fractures using the “bypass method” and how to deal with water infiltration on the side buttresses and pediment using the ”umbrella technique” are illustrated. Methods used to replicate the wall’s original texture and color are also described.

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