Traditional stucco techniques in interior surface coatings: Northern Portugal (XIX-XXth centuries)

Abstract eng:
This paper presents the main stucco techniques used for decorative artwork in interior walls across the wide chronological span. This study is based on Archaeology and Art History contributions. We tried to understand some decisive artistic moments, stemming from the sixteenth century till the reconstruction of Lisbon under the Marquis of Pombal in the aftermath of the 1755 earthquake. The industrialization of the stucco art became widespread by the late nineteenth century, prompting the spread of stucco as a decorative solution for urban architecture, public or private. The plaster and lime-based stucco techniques form a complex and multifaceted corpus. In order to identify them in the context of Portuguese decorative arts applied to architecture in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries we followed an interdisciplinary approach that required laboratorial means, the review of specific terminology and the understanding of the diffusion of the Baganha and Meira workshops (the two major workshops active in Northern Portugal) and the spread of their influence in the rest of the country, especially in the South.

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