ESTIMATION OF ORTHOTROPIC MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMAN ALVEOLAR BONE

Abstract eng:
In computational simulations of biomechanical problems, cancellous bone has often been modeled as a homogeneous, linear isotropic or orthotropic continuum. However, a need for higher modeling level is topical when it comes to simulations related to the dental implantology. The purpose of this study is to analyze cancellous bone specimens from alveolar bone, to estimate their apparent mechanical properties (assuming linear orthotropy) and to discuss their applicability in computational simulations of dental implantology problems. For this purpose, four cancellous bone segments from the first premolar region of human mandible were scanned on μCT device and subsequently analyzed using methods of biomechanical finite element simulations. In combination with the standard equations of mechanics of materials for calculating beam stiffness, nine independent elastic constants of linear orthotropic material model were determined for all analyzed segments. The results confirmed that the elastic constants are strongly dependent on the quality of the analyzed segment and its topology. It was concluded that this type of material model should be used only in cases where the stresses and strains in the bone itself are not of main concern. Otherwise, the information about the histomorphometry data should be inseparable part of each such model.

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