Importance of Permanent Ground Displacement on the Dynamic Response of a Bridge Crossing a Fault Rupture Zone

Abstract eng:
The effect of high-pass filtering on near-fault ground motion records is to completely eliminate the permanent ground displacement and significantly reduce the dynamic ground displacement. This may considerably influence the calculated seismic response of a spatially extended engineering structure crossing a fault rupture zone. To demonstrate the importance of incorporating permanent ground displacements in the analysis and design of extended structures under specific fault crossing conditions, the dynamic response of a seismically isolated bridge located in the vicinity of a surface fault rupture (“Case A”) or crossing a fault rupture zone (“Case B”) is calculated by utilizing a near-fault ground motion record processed with and without a displacement offset. The seismically isolated bridge considered in this study is a 10-span continuous structure supported by 11 piers, resembling a typical segment of the 2.3 km long Bolu Viaduct 1 located in westcentral Turkey. The Lucerne Valley record from the 1992 Mw 7.2 Landers earthquake, which preserves a permanent ground displacement in the fault-parallel direction and exhibits a large velocity pulse in the fault-normal direction, is used as the basis for investigating the effect of high-pass filtering on the dynamic response of the bridge. For the seismically isolated bridge located in the vicinity of the surface fault rupture (“Case A”), the utilization of the high-pass filtered ground motion leads to underestimating the demands of pier top, pier bottom and deck displacements. However, the demands of isolation displacement, isolation permanent displacement and pier drift – quantities associated predominantly with the dynamic response of the bridge – are almost identical for both the unfiltered and filtered versions of the ground motion record. On the other hand, for the seismically isolated bridge traversed by a fault rupture zone (“Case B”), all response quantities are significantly underestimated when the high-pass filtered ground motion is used. These results, though limited to a single bridge structure and a single ground motion input, clearly indicate the importance of permanent ground displacement on the dynamic response of spatially extended engineering structures crossing fault rupture zones.

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