Structural Response Due To Supershear and Subshear Rupture Based on Dynamic Rupture Model

Abstract eng:
In estimation of a seismic capacity of a building, it is important to consider various patterns of external forces that can be generated from a rupture of a seismic fault. Currently, kinematic rupture models assuming fault rupture pattern a priori are widely used for numerical predictions of strong motion. However, some studies have used dynamic rupture models based on the friction laws. It is generally assumed in the kinematic rupture models that a rupture velocity is less than the S-wave velocity in the rupture process, which is called “subshear rupture.” However, in some cases, the rupture velocity is faster than the S-wave velocity, which is called “supershear rupture.” The dynamic rupture model can express supershear rupture as a consequence of spontaneous rupture based on physically consistent models, without arbitrary assumption of rupturing process including spatial velocity and slip time function. From the structural engineer's point of view, it is important to consider the response of buildings to pulse-like waves accompanied by supershear rupture to predict the building damage and to estimate seismic performance in all possible scenarios. In this paper, we calculate dynamic ruptures by varying parameters, and present a detailed discussion of ground motion characteristics under various parameters, focusing on the slip-weakening law, the fault length, and the depth of the initial crack. The investigated rupture patterns include subshear rupture, supershear rupture, and the transition from subshear rupture to supershear one. In addition, the impact to a building of applying ground motions caused by supershear rupture to a building is discussed.

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