Factors Affecting Overturning of Buildings Induced By Tsunami Run-Up in the 2011 Great Tohoku Earthquake

Abstract eng:
Two- and three-dimensional tsunami run-up analyses were conducted to investigate the mechanisms and differences in overturning failures of five buildings (Building A to E) in Onagawa during the 2011 Great Tohoku earthquake. Several buildings including Buildings A and D overturned landward, while Building C with spread foundation overturned seaward and Building E overturned almost parallel with the coastline. A simple pseudo-static analysis using the hydrodynamic force and buoyant force estimated from the 2D analysis was able only to predict the overturning directions of Buildings A to D, suggesting Building E unlikely overturned due to the tsunami-induced hydrodynamic force and buoyant force alone. The 3D tsunami analysis has shown that the major cause of the overturning of Building E was the collision impact on this building of the drifting right section of Building D.

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