Development of the Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Matrix for Effective Measure Planning

Abstract eng:
In Japan, many municipalities face on the lack of human resources with high specialty and budget for disaster risk management. According to the survey by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, one third of municipalities have no specific staff for disaster risk management. This leads to difficulty in planning appropriate measures according to the characteristics and circumstances of each municipality. In actuality, through the questionnaire survey which our group conducted to municipalities, they pointed out the limitation of human resources and budget as the top and the 2nd most critical issues on the disaster-related measure planning. On the other hand, under the circumstance that the number of municipality staffs has been decreasing for the last 20 years, the good coordination against large-scale disaster is necessary among individual, community, local municipality and government. However, there is no proper table and coordination system which individual and community can join on the planning of municipalities. Considering these issues, the primary objective of this study is to provide useful and robust tool for the effective and cooperative disaster-related measure planning including concrete action plan. To achieve this objective, the Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Matrix using the concept of the project management was developed and proposed as one of the outputs by the Special Committee for Regional Disaster Prevention Plan on Japan Society for Civil Engineering, which was established after the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011. This matrix has stakeholders on vertical line, and seven phases on disaster management cycle, namely, damage mitigation, preparedness, prediction and early warning, damage assessment, emergency disaster response, recovery and reconstruction on horizontal line. Disaster-related measures including detail information and past good practices were listed up in each cell, which is named as Ideal Situation Matrix (ISM), so that each stakeholder can find what and how to do in each phase. This matrix is expected to be utilized in the discussion on the role and coordination according to the each capacity of stakeholders. Another function of the matrix is to generate action plan containing effective disaster-related measures. Action Item Matrix (AIM), which is equivalent to the aggregation of necessary measures, can be obtained by the difference between ISM and Current Situation Matrix (CSM), which is ISM-CSM. Finally, the action plan can be produced by prioritizing the AIM with effectiveness considering provided time and budget. The local government is expected to check the state of the progress by continuously comparison of the two matrixes, which enables disaster risk management to be on the Plan-Do-Check-Act management cycle. This methodology is expected to be the powerful tool for both robust policy-making and effective management according to the social and environmental situation.

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