NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS WITH CUSHIONING MATERIAL INSTALLED BEHIND THE RETAINING WALL FOR RESILIENT STRUCTURES

Abstract eng:
Following the Hyogoken Nanbu earthquake in 1995, the design earthquake wave was larger. After the Tohoku chihou Taiheiyouoki earthquake in 2011, the tsunami was focused after earthquake. In the future large earthquakes are expected to occur in Japan. We are required to design more resilient structures that can withstand these events. We conducted a numerical simulation of the reduction of earth pressure in a sandy backfill. When a cushioning material was placed behind the retaining wall, the earth pressure was reduced, because the backfill sand moved to the active earth pressure state. It is possible that the design section of the gravity caisson became smaller. In the dynamic approach, shaking table tests were performed and the earth pressure acting on the retaining wall was seen to reduce. However, the mechanism of earth pressure reduction was not clear in the dynamic tests. Therefore in this study, the mechanism of earth pressure reduction during an earthquake was clarified using a numerical simulation. From the simulation results, the residual horizontal displacement in the case of sand is larger than that in the case of cushioning material. It is cleared that in the cushioning material the inertial force of backfill sand was absorbed for the friction force toward to the foundation ground beside the effect of quasi-active state.

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