THE DYNAMIC AND EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE OF BASILICA CHURCHES IN KEFALONIA, GREECE INCLUDING SOILFOUNDATION DEFORMABILITY AND WALL DETACHMENT.

Abstract eng:
The dynamic and earthquake behaviour of structural systems representing PostByzantine Christian churches located in Kefalonia-Greece is examined. All these churches are made of stone masonry. They developed damage to their masonry elements due to the amplitude of the gravitational forces acting together with the seismic forces that were generated by the recent 2014earthquake activity, combined with the deformability of the foundation. The numerical results together with assumed strength values are utilized to predict the behaviour of the various masonry parts of these churches in in-plane, shear, and normal stress as well as out-of-plane flexure. Use is made in the numerical simulation of the deformability of the foundation of the results obtained from a specific investigation that dealt in measuring the dynamic characteristics of a bell tower located in Lixouri-Kefalonia-Greece. It is shown that the foundation deformability partly explains the appearance of structural damage. When comparing the numerically predicted regions that reach limit state conditions with actual damage patterns a reasonably good agreement in a qualitative sense can be observed. In addition, the numerical simulation focused in reproducing numerically certain non-linear mechanisms that are typical for this type of structural systems. The numerically predicted non-linear response mechanisms at the corners of the masonry walls as well as at the roof to masonry wall level seem to reproduce in a realistic way the observed damage patterns in these regions.

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