000022563 001__ 22563
000022563 005__ 20170724144655.0
000022563 04107 $$aeng
000022563 046__ $$k2017-07-04
000022563 100__ $$aChiu, Vincent
000022563 24500 $$aField measurements of wind-driven rain: verification and expansion of site wind conditions

000022563 24630 $$n7.$$p7th European and African Conference on Wind Engineering 
000022563 260__ $$bl'Association pour l'Ingénierie du Vent
000022563 506__ $$arestricted
000022563 520__ $$2eng$$aWind-Driven Rain (WDR) is known to be a major source of moisture loads on building envelopes and has caused numerous cases of building envelope failures. A six-storey building with a flat roof located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada was instrumented for field WDR measurements. On-site weather conditions including wind speed, wind direction and horizontal rainfall were measured by a weather station located on the rooftop of the building. The WDR on façade was simultaneously measured using customized driving rain gauges placed on strategically selected locations to represent the expected WDR wetting pattern of façade. The wind speed over the roof top where the anemometer was located and in front but close to the building façade was measured on a 1:400-scaled model of the building with and without surroundings placed in an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel, in order to verify the on-site wind measurements and upstream terrain roughness. A suburban terrain was simulated in the wind tunnel and the wind profiles above the rooftop were measured. The wind tunnel measurements showed that for the stand-alone building, the wind speed at the anemometer height was increased by 12% compared to a power law predicted wind profile with a suburban terrain, while for the building with surroundings, the wind speed measured at the anemometer height fits well with the power law profile. The wind speed measured on-site and the wind speed generated by converting the wind speed measured at a nearby airport weather station (using the power law with the suburban terrain) also showed good agreement. This paper presents the wind tunnel setup, results obtained and comparisons with field measurements. Discussions on the proper on-site location of wind instruments for good WDR measurements are also included in the paper. INTRODUCTION Wind-driven rain (WDR) is one of the most important environmental loads and the main moisture source that affects the hygrothermal performance and durability of building envelopes [1-2]. The quantity and spatial distribution of WDR is affected by a wide range of parameters including wind speed, wind direction, rainfall intensity, wind angle, building geometry, location on building facades, and surrounding topography. WDR loads on facades are normally determined or estimated by measurements, semi-empirical correlations, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling. Each approach has its advantages and limitations [2]. Measurements have always been the primary tool for WDR study and provide the basic knowledge for understanding WDR, but they can be time consuming, expensive, and suffer from large errors [2-4]. Their use for the estimation of WDR load can be limited to the specific site where measurements were taken. These limitations motivated

000022563 540__ $$aText je chráněný podle autorského zákona č. 121/2000 Sb.
000022563 653__ $$a

000022563 7112_ $$a7th European and African Conference on Wind Engineering$$cLiège, BE$$d2017-07-04 / 2017-07-07$$gEACWE2017
000022563 720__ $$aChiu, Vincent$$iStathopoulos, Ted$$iGe, Hua
000022563 8560_ $$ffischerc@itam.cas.cz
000022563 8564_ $$s3500317$$uhttps://invenio.itam.cas.cz/record/22563/files/96.pdf$$yOriginal version of the author's contribution in proceedings, id 96, section .
000022563 962__ $$r22493
000022563 980__ $$aPAPER