A NONLINEAR FULLY COUPLED ELECTRO-THERMO-MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS INVOLVING DOMAIN SWITCHING

Abstract eng:
This Coupling of electrical, mechanical and thermal effects is a natural outcome of the general formulation of the response of piezoelectric materials to mechanical loading, electrical fields, or thermal gradients. The presence of polarization vector in the equations for balance of linear momentum makes them inherently nonlinear. Moreover, domain switching is the cause of significant nonlinearity in the response of piezoelectric materials to mechanical and electrical effects. In this paper, the response of piezoelectric solid is formulated by coupling thermal, electrical, and mechanical effects. The constitutive equations are nonlinear. The resulting governing equations become highly nonlinear. The corresponding nonlinear finite element equations are derived and solved by using an incremental technique. The developed formulation is first verified against a number of benchmark problems for which a closed-form solution exists. Next, a cantilever beam made of PZT-4 is studied to evaluate the effect of domain switching on the overall force-displacement response of the beam. A number of interesting observations are made with respect to the extent of nonlinearity and its progressive spread as the load on the beam increases.

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