Seismic Simulation of Prestressed Concrete Structures

Abstract eng:
Wall-type or shell-type prestressed concrete structures, such as prestressed concrete I-girders, box girders, nuclear containment vessels, offshore structures, shear walls, etc can be visualized as assemblies of membrane elements. Their behavior can be predicted if the behavior of the membrane elements is thoroughly understood. This paper reports the Softened Membrane Model for Prestressed Concrete (SMM-PC) developed using the Universal Panel Tester available at the University of Houston. The SMM-PC generalized the previously developed Softened Membrane Model (SMM) for reinforced concrete and can be used for prestressed as well as reinforced concrete. The new SMM-PC includes the following three new constitutive laws: (1) A constitutive law of concrete in tension that includes the decompression stage. (2) A new prestress factor W p proposed for incorporation into the softening coefficient of the constitutive laws of concrete in compression. (3) A smeared (average) stress-strain relationships of prestressing strands embedded in concrete. In this paper the SMM-PC has also been extended to include cyclic behavior, thereby creating a Cyclic Softened Membrane Model for Prestressed Concrete (CSMM-PC). This has been accomplished by implementing the cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete previously developed at the University of Houston through the Cyclic Softened Membrane Model (CSMM). The SMM-PC including cyclic behavior is implemented into a non-linear finite element program based on the framework of OpenSees to predict the behavior of prestressed concrete structures under cyclic loading. Two new modules are developed in OpenSees to define the uniaxial cyclic constitutive laws of concrete under prestressing as well as those of prestressing tendons. The uniaxial cyclic constitutive laws of mild steel have been previously implemented into OpenSees at the University of Houston in a nonlinear finite element program called the Simulation of Concrete Structures (SCS). All these uniaxial constitutive laws are combined to develop two-dimensional PrestressConcretePlaneStress module, which can be used for developing finite element models of prestressed concrete structures. The accuracy of the new program is confirmed by comparing simulated responses with available test data.

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