Nonlinear Response of RC Buildings due to Impact of Tsunami Water-Borne Boats and Containers

Abstract eng:
Tsunami resistant buildings where the lower level is elevated by means of RC columns to allow the free flow of tsunami waves, have been recently constructed in some countries. However these columns are very vulnerable to impact due to water-borne massive objects. Tsunami field survey observations show that building destruction is often exacerbated by the impact of tsunami water-borne massive objects such as automobiles, barges, boats, empty storage tanks and shipping containers. In this paper, impact of tsunami water-borne massive objects on a RC building that could be used for tsunami evacuation purposes is considered using a fiber-based discretization model in OpenSEES. The building is analyzed and designed using SAP2000 prior to impact simulation. Two frame systems are considered, namely ordinary moment frame (OMF) and special moment frame (SMF) for low seismic risk zones and high seismic risk zones, respectively. Nonlinear dynamic analysis is conducted to investigate building response due to impact of boats and shipping containers. At the column impact section the displacement, shear force and moment-curvature responses are investigated. In addition, the stress-strain behavior of cover concrete, core concrete and tension reinforcement at the impact section are studied. Numerical results show that in contrast to the OMF system, the SMF system can resist the impact load without strength degradation for the range of water-borne objects that are considered.

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