Nonlinear Analysis of Woodframe Shear Walls

Abstract eng:
This paper presents various analytical techniques available to consulting engineers in the seismic evaluation of woodframe lateral load resisting walls. Analytical models with varying degrees of complexity were utilized for this purpose. These included the CASHEW and SAWS computer programs (developed as part of the CUREE-Caltech woodframe project), along with SAP2000 (commercially available nonlinear finite element program). The SAP2000 model incorporated frame elements for the wood studs, shell elements for the wall sheathing, and nonlinear link elements for the sheathing-to-stud fasteners. More testing on various types of fasteners is recommended since fasteners dominate the dynamic response of woodframe shear walls and buildings. Plywood shear walls with and without stucco and drywall wall finishes were considered in the analyses. The paper provides verification of the analytical models with the results from shear wall tests performed as part of the woodframe programs of the City of Los Angeles – University of California, Irvine (CoLA-UCI), and CUREE. SAP2000 is effective in the determination of the target displacement and strength capacity for the walls. Nonlinear finite element analysis allows the user the flexibility to model shear walls with openings, various sheathing panel configurations, and various boundary conditions such as wrap-around sheathing at wall ends. A good match was found between the analytically determined and experimentally measured quantities. This paper provides details of the analytical model and compares results to experimental data. The analytical methods described can be used in the post-earthquake evaluation of damaged wood buildings or in the seismic design of new buildings.

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