Performance Assessment of Active and Hybrid Control Based on Energy and Site Potential Earthquakes

Abstract eng:
The performance evaluation of seismic resistant buildings equipped with structural control is presented in this paper based on probability analysis approach. Due to the uncertainty characteristics of an earthquake, the future ground motion is unlikely to be deterministically predicted at a given site. In the probability analysis, a group of ground motions is produced for each of three earthquake magnitudes of 6, 7, 8. The time history responses are then determined for each input motion in the group and the maximum output are examined using the Monte Carlo method. The distribution of the largest maximum (extreme value) is assumed to follow the Gumbel-type distribution. Here, ground motions are generated considering the earthquake fault and tectonic movements at the building site with the finite-fault stochastic Green's function method. The performance is expressed in terms of the allowable structural displacement under control and the control force requirement as well as the energy demand in the controller. The performance is assessed with the coverage probability by which the control objective is to be evaluated in the concept of probabilities. To perform a lifetime evaluation, the earthquake occurrence model is used to predict the earthquake return period. The method is general for various types of control system, and detailed discussions are illustrated for active and intelligent hybrid controllers. The intelligent strategy is designed for the application of a hybrid control system, composed of the actuator and passive damper. The control operation is triggered with specified threshold response values. Only the passive damper part operates under small and moderate earthquakes so that the active actuator does not need to be activated; the actuator is activated for strong earthquakes when the threshold requirement cannot be satisfied by the passive part alone. Mathematical formulations are presented with numerical results of a six-story building, protected with either active or hybrid control, and subjected to different magnitude of earthquakes. A hundred earthquakes are generated for each of three magnitudes: 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 on the Richter scale. The intelligent hybrid control reveals its advantage over the active system based on the energy consumption during the building's life-cycle period.

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