Real-time measurement of biaxial modulus of GEanode for li-ion batteries

Abstract eng:
An in situ measurement of biaxial modulus evolution of germanium as a lithium ion battery anode material is presented. Thin films of germanium are cycled in a half-cell configuration with lithium metal foil as counter/reference electrode, with 1M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate solution (1: 1:1, wt. %) as electrolyte. At various capacity levels the germanium thin films were loaded/unloaded by small lithiation/delithiation steps, the slope of stress-strain curve during this load/unload portion provides the modulus data. It was observed that biaxial modulus changed from 45 GPa for Lio,45Ge to 30 GPa for Li3,75Ge. Understanding variations in biaxial modulus is essential for predicting the stresses accurately and designing fracture resistant germanium electrodes.

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