Computational Biomechanics on Blood Flow From Cellular To Organ Scales

Abstract eng:
We have been investigating biomechanics of our body, in particular biomechanics of physiological flows over micro to macro levels by using conjugated computational mechanics analyzing fluid and solid mechanics. In this talk, we review our recent research on computational biomechanics of blood flow from cellular to organ scales. In cellular to tissue scales, we have developed a particle method for simulating cellular flow in a microcirculation [1]. We simulated blood flow in circular channels for diameters of 8-50 micrometer, and haematocrit (Hct) of 20-45%. Figure 1 shows an example of the simulation results, where the domain is cut in the central plane of the vessel to see the deformation of RBCs in the center. For the quantitative validation, we analyzed the Fåhræus effect, the formation of cell free layer, and apparent viscosity. Our model correctly reproduced a nonlinear increase in the apparent viscosity with increases in vessel diameter and Hct. We also confirmed that the Fåhræus effect and the formation of the cell free layer were simulated well using our model. For organ scale, we have studied computational biomechanics of cerebral aneurysms. We have proposed a novel hemodynamics index for predicting aneurysm initiation [2]. The proposed index, gradient oscillatory number (GON), emphasizes the temporal fluctuation of spatial wall shear stress gradient and represents the degree of oscillating tension/compression force on endothelial cells. Using a patient-specific model, we have shown that a high GON has a significant correlation with the location of aneurysm formation.

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