Risk Management in Seismic Active Areas, Holistic Approach

Abstract eng:
Civilization in its stream of development had certain periods when large-scale disasters caused by natural phenomenon happened: earthquakes, floods, fires. Results are always devastating - destruction of lives of people, flora and fauna, material goods, while also resulting in constant change of topography of the country. Man in this atmosphere was forced to learn about the causes and to explore ways of how to protect and overcome effects of earthquakes and other disastrous events. The ability of reintegration and reconstruction shows the strength of humanity, endeavours, orientation to organization. There was a need to comprehend seismic phenomena, to establish national strategies and legislations for building, all for providing a safe living and working environment. In Montenegro, which is a seismically active area, earthquakes were through time different in scale but not in tragic results of loss. Risk management of disasters, which are affecting all segments of society, to be effective is going to have to have strategies which involve all segments of society. There is a need for a holistic approach to disaster reduction. That approach has to involve education, health, civil protection and all other segments of society “organism”. Specifically in situations of seismic hazard in the area of construction, where is intended to define acceptable seismic risk, to build high-quality and safe. Risk management process is therefore a long-term process, and points to the need to effectively implement initiatives in a holistic approach, such as the improvement of early warning systems, establishing national focal points, have organization based in smaller communities, municipalities, planning and legislation, volunteering for risk management activities, involving NGO sector. In response to always present and growing possibilities of natural disaster, this approach seeks to manage risk and vulnerability caused by natural disasters, so as to find what are identified gaps in the cycle of reducing the risk and to encourage the involvement and collaboration between all sector society in order to achieve an effective reduction of hazard.

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