The Shared Role of Self, Mutual and Public Support for Disaster Reduction in Japan

Abstract eng:
The Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake, Japan, in 1995 hit the second biggest metropolitan area and caused tremendous devastation with more than 6,000 death toll. We realized that only government capacity was not enough to cope with huge disasters and that not only “public support”, but also “mutual support” and “self support” were necessary. Here we considered the role of these three supports by giving analysis of “The Report of the 10-Year Reconstruction Overall Verification and Recommendations” by Hyogo Prefecture Government. We also analyzed some cases to prepare for future big disasters. We found out that these supports closely interact with each other. While, taking a macro point perspective, “PS” is beneficial for coping with common needs or establishing new institutions, “MS” and “SS” are useful tools – from a micro point of view – to meet individual needs close to local residents. Lessons created from “SS” and “MS” will be fed back to the public arena to make new systems. Making the most of each support characteristics leads to creating a shared role in the disaster reduction collaborative society.

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