Frozen ground is significantly stiffer than unfrozen ground. For bridges supported on deep foundations, the bridge stiffness is also measurably increased in the winter mo [...]

The paper presents waveform inversion technique using the local earthquake data to estimate the crustal structure of the Anchorage basin, Alaska. Three component recorded [...]

The existence of deep seasonally frozen soils might pose a serious problem in to structures supported by deep foundations. Moreover, in a highly active seismogenic zones, [...]