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Natural or Roman cements were the first modern cements to be industrially produced at the beginning of the 19th century in Europe. Used equally by engineers for their hyd [...]
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Vitruvius Pollio treated in ten volumes the whole system of Roman architecture and engineering, but technical terminology, the specificity of his subjects and his concise [...]
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Smart construction systems have been used for centuries in many places around the world, masonry is widely encountered in numerous heritage structures to be restored. For [...]
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Hidalgo, B. Del Espino
Nowadays, historic city centres play two important roles in our cities: On the one hand, as a source of knowledge about “sustainable city” design; on the other hand, [...]
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The Santissimo Sacramento Convent, in Alcântara quarter in Lisbon, was an innovative architectural project in the 17th century and one of the most important ecclesiastic [...]
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At the beginning of the 20th century, the application of innovative finishes on façades became a popular phenomenon in Belgium. Decorative plasters were frequently used [...]
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For graphs F , G and H, we write F → (G, H) to mean that if the edges of F are colored with two colors, say red and blue, then the red subgraph contains a copy of G or [...]
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The use of glazed tiles on external façades became popular in Portugal in the 19th Century in a trend that was shared with Brazil. Nowadays the use of this material in e [...]
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The aim of this work was to try to answer the basic question: are the different looking renders surface aspects related to differences in the behaviour of the render laye [...]
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Lime coatings were originally used in historical buildings all across Europe and the rest of the globe, on lime plasters or directly on stone elements. Today, these coati [...]
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Representative samples of 14th century fresco paintings (renders and colour layers) from various Serbian monuments (Byzantine influence sphere) were examined, characteriz [...]
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A Walloon entrepreneur developed and patented Cimorné cement render at the beginning of the 1930s in Braine-l’Alleud (south of Brussels, Belgium). This peculiar façad [...]
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The consolidation process of old renders with loss of cohesion is nowadays performed usually with inorganic compatible products, such as calcium or barium hydroxide or et [...]
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A Walloon entrepreneur developed and patented Cimorné cement render at the beginning of the 1930s in Braine-l’Alleud (south of Brussels, Belgium). This peculiar façad [...]
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Masonry with mortar joints and renderings were introduced in Sweden with the integration into the Catholic Church in the 11th and 12th century. The binders used were air [...]
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The effects of moisture dependency of water vapour permeability and non-linear sorption curve on accuracy of EMPD model were analysed. These phenomena can be of importanc [...]
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In the nineteenth century, Marseille was already an established industrial town and had a significant urban development. Its business provided it with a large amount of r [...]
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Chae, Mi-young
The natural inorganic binders applied to stone cultural assets have been recognized nationally and abroad. This study demonstrates, by experiment and a trial fabrication, [...]
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To make a sustainable restoration of a historical centre it is necessary to understand, among other things, the materials used in the coatings of the buildings. In this w [...]
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The city of Coimbra was the first capital of Portugal, in the 12th century. This city has archaeological remains from before the Roman time. The existing buildings predom [...]
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